Comparison of the Carbon Payback Period (CPP) of Different Variants of Insulation Materials and Existing External Walls in Selected European Countries

The EU “Fit for 55” legislative package provides the introduction of regulations enabling achievement emission reduction target by 55%. As part necessary actions, it is to increase energy efficiency existing buildings. To achieve this, there are plans pace modernization buildings, from 1% 3% buildings annually 2030. However, this must be done with respect principles sustainable development, circular economy and conservation This article presents a comprehensive comparison calculation carbon payback period (CPP) selected insulation materials, combined typical building partitions, shows how quickly greenhouse gases in production materials completed. Individual (stone glass wool, expanded polystyrene (EPS), extruded (XPS), polyurethane (PUR) cellulose) were analyzed relation different types walls (seven types—including solid wall, diaphragm large panel system (LPS), concrete), locations (Poland, Germany, Czech Republic, Austria, Finland, Europe) various sources (electricity, gas, oil, biomass, district heating). After taking into account footprint embodied along potential reductions operational emissions, was determined, resulting use given technology, material location. By comparing CPPs insulations, paper that results vary significantly between countries, which have factors still serious lack availability reliable environmental information, can limit research results.